~ LINGUISTICS  lat LINGUA = TONGUE   see> LOGOS
               FORMAL STUDY OF NATURAL LANGUAGES
~ LINGULA      TONGUE LIKE         see> LEXICON
               LINGUISTICS IS THE STUDY OF
  THE DEVELOPMENT AND STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGES or
  see> TONGUE
  sc>  THOSE THAT CALL LINGUISTIC A SCIENCE
       DIVIDE ITS DOMAINS INTO
  PHONOLOGY
  MORPHOLOGY
  SYNTAX
  SEMANTICS and study
  their GEOGRAPHIC and HISTORICAL EVOLUTION
  note that some SYNTACTICIANS SEEM INCLINED TO
       INCLUDE IN THEIR POLEMICS WITH
  PHONOLOGISTS
  MORPHOLOGISTS and
  SEMANTICISTS OF
  lit+ Randy A HARRIS [#] in "The Linguistics Wars"
       Oxford University Press 1993 reports that
  THE FIELD OF LINGUISTICS TENDS TO BE DOMINATED BY
  STRONG PERSONALITIES among them
  Noam CHOMSKY [#] who is known as the
  THEORETICIAN FOCUSED ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE or
  THE ULTIMATE QUESTION OF MEANING AND A SEARCH FOR
  REDUCTIONISTS or UNIVERSAL RULES OF
  LANGUAGE SYNTAX or GRAMMAR
  CHOMKSY PROPOSED THAT LANGUAGE
  WAS NOT A CREATION OF MANY MINDS
  BUT OF MIND AS IF SYNTAX IS BUILT
  INTO THE MIND
  {CHILDREN HAVE A LOGICAL INTUITIVE
  SYNTAX OR GRAMMAR THAT IS THEN
  RESHAPED BY LOGICAL AND ARBITRARY DISTORTIONS
  TO FIT INTO THE CONCENSUS OF
  LOCAL NATIONALISTIC AND SOCIAL DEMANDS}
  NEOLOGISMS or NEW WORDS LIKE
  " PAROLE " and  " LANGUE "
  WERE USED BY Ferdinand de SAUSSURE [#]
  TO SEPARATE ISSUES RELATED TO SOUNDS FROM
  THE RULES AND CONCEPTS THAT UNDERSCORE
  COMMON UTTERANCES or in other words
  LANGUAGE RESIDES IN BOTH SOCIETY AND THE MIND
  for LEIBNIZ [#]
  THE ULTIMATE WORD IDEAS WERE NUMBERS WHICH
  ARE AMENABLE TO BE ARRANGED IN LOGICAL WAYS
  THE UNENDING DEBATE ABOUT LANGUAGE AND
  ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE MIND or
  PSYCHOLOGY ON ONE HAND AND THE PEOPLE AND
  THEIR CULTURE ON THE OTHER CONTINUES
  NOTE THAT WHILE SYNTAX CAN BE ANALYZED
  MEANING OR SEMANTICS REMAIN LIMITLESS
  sug> SEMIOLOGY
  note LANGUAGE  LOGOS  VERBAL  VOCAL
  VOICE  VOTE  WORD    <see