~ CHROM~      prefix from gr CHROMA = COLOR
~ CHROMA~     prefix or CHROMO~  same as CHROM
~ CHROMAFFIN  id+ | AFFINITY FOR COLOR or STAINING |
~ CHROMAT~    prefix same as CHROM~
~ CHROMATIC   id+ | PERTAINING TO COLOR | 
              id+ | also COLORFUL MUSICAL SCALES | as in 
     art> MUSICAL SCALES WITH PROGRESSIONS BY HALF TONES 
              biol> READILY STAINED
~ CHROMATID   biol> SINGLE CHROMOSOME STRANDS FOUND
                    IN UNDIVIDING CELLS
     CHROMATIDS ARE DUPLICATED AS PART OF
     CELL DIVISION AND BECOME VISIBLE AND
     RECOGNIZABLE AS CHROMOSOMES
     WITH TWO CHROMATIDS HELD AT THE CENTROMERE
     WHICH SEPARATES or SPLITS AFTER ALIGNMENT AT
     THE EQUATOR OF A DIVIDING CELL FOLLOWING WHICH
     THE CHROMATIDS ARE PULLED INTO OPPOSITE
     DIRECTIONS TO BECOME INCORPORATED INTO EACH
     OF TWO DAUGHTER CELLS BY AN ORDERLY PROCESS
     OF CELL DIVISION IS CALLED
              sug> MITOSIS in SOMATIC CELLS and
              sug> MEIOSIS in GONADAL CELLS for more
              see> CHROMOSOME below
~ CHROMATIN   COLOR plus
              prefix ~ TIN for STRETCHED thus THIN
     biol> READILY STAINING COMPONENTS OF
           THE CELL NUCLEUS CONSISTING OF A
     SINGLE DNA STRAND IN A COMPLEX SCAFFOLD OF
     HISTONES AND PROTEINS
     note BARR BODY or SEX CHROMATIN or
     evidence of A CONDENSED X CHROMOSOME
     note EUCHROMATIN for OPTIMAL or
                READY for STAINING
                HETEROCHROMATIN for
                STAINING DIFFERENTLY
~ CHROMATOPSIA  med> ALTERED COLOR VISION
~ CHROME      or see> CHROMIUM
~ CHROME~     prefix or suffix to denote PIGMENT
~ ~CHROME     gr suffix for COLOR  as in
              see> CHROMOSOME   sug> CYTOCHROME
~ CHROMIUM    id+ | RESILIENT |
              from Mythology see> CHROMIUS
              sc> ELEMENT METAL
                  symbol CR
                  ATOMIC WEIGHT 59.9
              hx> USED FOR PLATING OTHER METALS TO CONFER
                  RESISTANCE TO RUST
~ CHROMIUS    or CHROMIOS  KROMIOS
              myth> CHROMIUS AND ALCENOR WERE
                    THE SOLE SURVIVORS AFTER
              THE BATTLE OF THE 300 ARGIVES AGAINST SPARTA
~ CHROMOSOME  id+ | COLORED BODY | from
              CHROMO for COLOR and
              SOMA for BODY
  note BEFORE SOMATIC or BODY CELL DIVISION
       SINGLE STRAND CHROMATIDS ARE QUITE THIN AND
       HARDLY VISIBLE
  PRECEDING CELL DIVISION
  THE CHROMATIDS DUPLICATE AND CONDENSE AND
  ARE HELD AT A POINT CALLED CENTROMERE
  GIVING RISE TO X or Y or V LIKE DISTINCTIVE STRUCTURES
  CALLED CHROMOSOMES
  THE CHARACTERISTIC SHAPE AND
  STRAINING PROPERTIES OF CHROMOSOMES
  UNDERSCORE THE COMPLEX AND HIGHLY ORGANIZED
  ORGAN or ORGANELLE PERMITTING AN ANALYSIS OF THE
  CHROMOSOMAL COMPOSITION OF CELL NUCLEI as per
  see> KARYOTYPE
  biol> med> ANIMALS HAVE A SPECIES SPECIFIC
             NUMBER OF CHROMOSOME PAIRS
  THE GENE LOCATION MAP or GENE LOCI SEQUENCE
  ALONG EACH CHROMOSOMAL DNA STRAND
  IS SPECIES SPECIFIC
  THE 23 HUMAN CHROMOSOMAL PAIRS or
  46 CHROMOSOMES INCLUDE ONE SPECIAL PAIR or
  SEX CHROMOSOME PAIR DISTINCT FOR FEMALES
  WHO HARBOR AN XX PAIR AND MALES WHO HAVE
  AN X LIKE AND Y LIKE SEX CHROMOSOME DENOTED AS
  46,XX and 46,XY
  DURING CELL DIVISION
  CENTROMERES HOLDING CHROMATIDS SPLIT
  INDUCING CHROMATIDS TO MOVE
  IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS
  TO FORM or CONSTITUTE
  THE NUCLEI OF DAUGHTER CELL
  MITOSIS IS AN ORDERLY PROCESS OF BODY or
  SOMATIC CELL DIVISION THAT INSURES THAT
  VIRTUALLY ALL SOMATIC CELLS
  PERPETUATE THE TRANSMISSION OF A
  COMPLETE SINGLE DNA STRAND ACROSS CELL GENERATIONS
  THUS PRESERVING THE STABILITY or
  GENETIC HOMEOSTASIS OF THE BODY
  SEXUAL REPRODUCTION REPRESENTS
  THE FUSION OF TO HAPLOID GAMETES or an
  EGG WITH 23 and A SPERM
  EACH WITH 23 SINGLE CHROMOSOMES or
  HAPLOIDY WHICH WHEN FUSED
  RECONSTITUTE 23 CHROMOSOMAL PAIRS
  FORMING A 46,XX or 46,XY DIPLOID CONCEPTUS
  MEIOSIS or REDUCTION DIVISION TRANSFORMS
  DIPLOID CELLS WITH 23 CHROMOSOMAL PAIRS or
  46 CHROMOSOMES into
  HAPLOID   HAPLO = HALF or
  GAMETES
  A HAPLOID FEMALE GAMETE or OOCYTE or EGG
  HAS 22 SINGLE SOMATIC CHROMOSOMES and
  ONE OF THE TWO MATERNAL X SEX CHROMOSOMES
  A HAPLOID MALE GAMETE or SPERM or SPERMATOZOID
  ALSO HAS 22 SINGLE SOMATIC CHROMOSOMES and
  ONE SEX CHROMOSOME EITHER THE X or the Y
  SEX PATERNAL CHROMOSOME
  FERTILIZATION IS THE FUSION OF A
  "MALE" AND "FEMALE" HAPLOID GAMETES
  WHICH RECONSTITUTES DIPLOIDY thus
  EACH MATERNAL SOMATIC CHROMOSOME IS
  PAIRED WITH ITS PATERNAL HOMOLOGUE
  AND THE SINGLE MATERNAL X CHROMOSOME
  IS PAIRED WITH A Y or X PATERNAL SEX CHROMOSOME
  GIVING RISE TO FERTILIZED EGGS or ZYGOTES
  WITH 44 + XX or 44 + XY CONSTITUTIONS
  PRODUCING A NEARLY EQUAL NUMBER OF
  FEMALES AND MALE CONCEPTION
  med> MONO SOMY or
       MONOSOMY implies ONE CHROMOSOME
  PATIENTS WITH TURNER SYNDROME
  OFTEN HAVE A SOLE X CHROMOSOME or MONOSOMY X
  DISOMY implies TWO CHROMOSOMES OF A KIND
  TRISOMY denotes THREE CHROMOSOME OF A KIND
  PATIENTS WITH DOWN SYNDROME HAVE THREE or
  ARE TRISOMIC FOR CHROMOSOME 21 or +21
  MOSAIC means CONFINED ANOMALIES
  AS TRISOMY ONLY FOUND IN SOME TISSUES or
  CELL LINES
  MODAL NUMBER denotes
  PREVALENT CHROMOSOMAL NUMBER
  DIPLOIDY implies TWO CHROMOSOMES OF EACH SORT
  The human DIPLOID NUMBER is 23x2=46
  TRIPLOIDY implies THREE CHROMOSOMES OF EACH SORT or
  23x3=69
  TETRAPLOID denotes 23X4=92 or 4 CHROMOSOMES OF EACH SORT
  POLIPLOIDY implies INCONSISTENT EXCESS OF SOME
  SORTS OF CHROMOSOMES often a sign of a
  MALIGNANT or NEOPLASTIC or CANCEROUS PROCESS
  see> CANCER
  note CHROMOSOMAL ANOMALIES MOSTLY
       TRISOMIES and TRIPLOIDY
  ARE FOUND IN NEARLY 50% OF SPONTANEOUS ABORTIONS
  see> ABORT