~ AESCULAPIUS  id+ | PERSONIFICATION OF MEDICINE or
^u ^s          id+ | SYMBOL of HEALING ARTS |
               id+ | akin to see> IMHOTEP [#] |
               id+ | perhaps akin to TELESPHORUS <see |
  note spellings 
       ASCULAPIUS
       ASCLEPIUS  or
       ASKLEPIOS  or
       ASKLEPIUS  in Greece
       ESCULAPIUS in Rome 
       ESCULAPIO  in Spanish 
       ESKULLAPIS or 
       INHOTEP    in Greece - HIS EGYPTIAN NAME 
  med> AESCULAPIAN MEDICAL DOCTRINES STRESS
       SLEEP and REST
       BATHING or "TAKING WATERS" and GYMNASTICS
       DIETS and other RESTORATIVE and CURATIVE THERAPIES 
  note AESCULAPIUS [#] IS AMONG THE MOST
       POPULAR SYMBOLS OF HEALING along with 
  MINERVA and APOLLO 
  note IMHOTEP [#] an Egyptian deity adopted by 
       the Greeks and named AESCULAPIUS  
  myth> PINDAR [#] reports that AESCULAPIUS was the
        SON OF CORONIS and APOLLO
  WHO WHILE PREGNANT HAD AN AFFAIR WITH ISCHYS or ISCHI
  WHEN APOLLO REALIZED HER INFIDELITY
  HE ASKED HIS SISTER ARTEMIS TO KILL CORONIS
  myth> AS CORONIS WAS BEING CREMATED
        THE DARK SMOKE FROM THE PYRE STAINED THE 
  WHITE CROWS OF APOLLO BLACK as a punishment for 
  FAILING TO ALERT HIM OF THE INFIDELITY OF CORONIS
  AT THE LAST MINUTE APOLLO DECIDED TO SAVE THEIR CHILD AND
  PERFORMED A CAESAREAN or CAESAREAN SECTION
  med> perhaps the first CAESAREAN SECTION
       IN WRITTEN RECORDS
  myth> THE CHILD WAS NAMED AESCULAPIUS and
        PLACED UNDER THE CARE OF
  see> CHEIRON from whom AESCULAPIUS learned
  SURGERY and other arts practiced by a
  see> CHIROPRACTOR or CHEIROPRACTOR
  myth> APOLLODORUS [#] STATED THAT ATHENA
        GAVE AESCULAPIUS A VIAL CONTAINING
  THE MAGICAL BLOOD of MEDUSA WHICH
  COULD KILL or COULD RESUSCITATE
  DEPENDING HOW IT WAS TAKEN
  myth> AESCULAPIUS BEING A FAMOUS HEALER
        AND AN AMBITIOUS PERSON WHICH PROMPTED HIM 
  TO APPLY HIS MEDICAL SKILLS TO RESTORING LIFE or 
  RESUSCITATING THE DECEASED THUS TO INFRINGE UPON 
  THE DOMAIN RULED BY HADES
  myth> HADES as the RULER of the UNDERWORLD or HELL
        ASKED ZEUS TO KILL AESCULAPIUS
  note alt by PINDAR [#] who asserts that
       AESKULAPIUS WAS ASKED BY ARTEMIS  sug> DIANA
  THE RESTORE THE LIFE OF HER FAVORITE
  HIPPOLYTOS [#] or VIRBIUS [#]
  AESCULAPIUS DEMURRED UNTIL TEMPTED BY
  A RICH FEE or BRIBE                    sug> MERCENARY
  WHEN AESCULAPIUS RESUSCITATED HIPPOLYTOS
  ZEUS KILLED HIM
  note THEREAFTER MEDICINE BECAME RESTRAINED
       RESTRICTED and INCAPABLE TO PREVENT DEATH thus 
  MEDICINE BECAME PALLIATIVE and not CURATIVE
  note MEDICAL INTERVENTIONS TO PRIMARILY BENEFIT 
       PHYSICIANS ARE UNETHICAL 
  myth> AFTER BEING FULMINATED BY ZEUS
        AESCULAPIOS WAS PLACED ALONG WITH OTHER HEROES
  AS A STAR in the SERPENT CONSTELLATION representing
  OPHIUCHUS [#] IDENTIFIED BY THE GREEKS AS
  ASCLEPIUS or 
  gr   OPHIOKHOS = SERPENT HOLDER  
  sp   OFIDIO      or 
  eng  OPHIDIAN    SNAKE LIKE pointing to 
  lat  SERPERE     SERPENT and pointint to 
        HERPES     SERPENTINE like 
  med>  HERPETIC   SNAKE LIKE VIRAL ERUPTIONS  
  note SERPENT on the ROD or STAFF of ASCLEPIUS
  cont> see> CADUCEUS
  myth> the killing of AESCULAPIUS
        UPSET APOLLO MUCH AND IN REVENGE 
  HE KILLED THE THREE CYCLOPS WHO 
  MANUFACTURED THUNDERBOLTS FOR ZEUS
  ZEUS PUNISHED APOLLO BY MAKING HIM SERVE
  THE MORTAL sug> ADMETUS [#] AS A SLAVE
  APOLLO SERVED ADMETUS WELL AND BOTH
  GAINED GREAT RESPECT FOR EACH OTHER
  myth> ZEUS MISSED HIS THREE CYCLOPS AND
        DECIDED TO BRING THEM BACK FROM
  THE UNDERWORLD or HADES which induced
  APOLLO TO BEG ZEUS TO DO THE SAME FOR AESCULAPIUS
  TO WHICH ZEUS AGREED AND DEIFIED AESCULAPIUS
  cont> see> APOLLO
  myth> AESPULAPIUS had a CONSORT LAMPEZIA or alt
        EPIONA with whom he had CHILDREN
  THE NUMBER IS DISPUTED but there is CONSENSUS
  about FOUR DAUGHTERS and THREE SONS named
  HYIEIA   or IGEA or HYGIEIA for HEALTH    sug> HYGIENE
  PANACEA  the healer of DISEASES           sug> REMEDY
  MEDITRINA       for MEDICINE              sug> MEDIA
  IASO            gr  IATROS is for HEALER
                      IATROGENIC is antithetical thus
                  denotes INDUCTION OF ILLNESS
  AEGLE           or EGLE as in             sug> EAGLE
                  mother of the THREE GRACES
  TELESPHOROS    "WHO BRINGS FULLNESS"      sug> THERAPY
  PODALIRIUS      a skilled HEALER          sug> PODIATRY
                  WHO BECAME LORD OF
                  KHERSON or KHERSONESUS    sug> CRIMEA
  MACHAON         also a SKILLED HEALER     sug> MEDIC
                  KILLED DURING THE WAR OF TROY
  hx> HOMER [#] PRESENTS ASKLEPIUS or ASCLEPIUS AS
      THE MORTAL FATHER OF MACHAON [#] and
  PODALEIRIUS [#] note some hold that
  AESCULAIUS and PAEON are one and the same
  hx> THE CULT TO AESCULAPIUS WAS CENTERED IN
      EPIDAURUS AND THE PRINCIPAL TEMPLE TO AESCLAPIUS
  ALSO STOOD IN EPIDAURUS AND CONTAINED HIS STATUE BY
  THE FAMOUS ARTIST THRASYMEDES [#] WHO
  REPRESENTED AESCULAPIUS SEATED ON A THRONE
  HOLDING A STAFF IN ONE HAND AND THE OTHER HAND
  RESTING ON THE HEAD OF A DRAGON
  note that reptiles are emblems or
  SYMBOLS OF PRUDENCE AND RENOVATION
  note snakes like medications can be poisonous
  note snakes rejuvenate by shedding their skin 
       humans rejuvenate by rest and sleep 
  hx> in ATHENS the worship of ASKLEPIOS
      was introduced after the PLAGUE of 429 BC
  likewise in ROME his worship was introduced 
  after a plague 293 BC  more below
  med> note THE AILING VISITING THE AN ASKLEPIAN
       TEMPLE-HOSPITAL COMPLEX WERE
  WASHED IN THE SACRED SPRING and
  SLEPT or INCUBATED in the ABATON or HALL
  HOPING FOR DREAM THAT WOULD REVEAL or
  what early CHRISTIANS  called
  A REVELATION or VISION or MIRACLE
  TO ILLUMINATE A CURE
  note REST AND SLEEP CURES REMAIN IN USE
       ACROSS IN EUROPE and particularly so in
  areas of the FORMER USSR
  "REST CURES" take place in          sug> SANITARY
  "SANATORIA" dedicated to            sug> SANITY
  SALUBRITY as per                    sug> HYGIENIC
  MASSAGE DIET SIESTA REST and SLEEP  sug> NAP
  note "DOLCE FAR NIENTE" in it for   sug> RESTORE
       IT IS SWEET TO DO NOTHING      sug> SLOTH
  the idea being that                 sug> HEALTH
  REST and SLEEP are RESTORATIVE      see> LETHARGY
  and therefore SALUTARY              sug> LETHAL
  more below
  note how VOTIVE TABLETS DEPICTING THE
       ANATOMY TO BE TREATED
  HANGED ON WALLS as are today in some COUNTRIES
  AMULETS COVERING THE WALLS OF TRADITIONAL
  CATHOLIC CHURCHES and represent a belief in
  AMULETS
  note etym>
  sp AMULETO = AMULET and
      MULA     MULE or FALSE  PHONY
      MULETA   CRUTCH or FALSE LEG
  hx> ASKLEPIA BECAME A POPULAR FESTIVAL
      IN HONOR AESCULAPIUS according to 
  THE HISTORY OF ROME by LIVY [#] or
  Titus LIVIUS
  cont> see> CADUCEUS
  hx> in 293 BC ROME EXPERIENCED A PERIOD OF
      PESTILENCE WHICH PROMPTED ROMANS
  TO ASK THE GREEKS TO HELP ROME INTRODUCE
  THE WORSHIP OF AESCULAPIUS
  THE CULT WAS BROUGHT INCARNATED AS
  NON POISONOUS SERPENTS and LEGENDS CLAIM THAT
  in JANUARY 291 BC A SACRED SNAKE
  CHOSE (SWAM) TO THE ISLAND or INSULA TIBERINA
  WHERE A TEMPLE WAS DEDICATED TO AESCULAPIUS and
  HIS SPOUSE EPIONE or "THE SOOTHER" and
  HIS DAUGHTERS or GRACES and SON  AROSE
  hx> myth> note the COCKS or PEACOCK as the
            EMBLEM OF AESCULAPIUS 
  note PERHAPS THE PEACOCKS CROWNING 
       SO MANY CHURCHES AND CATHEDRALS 
  ARE REMINDERS THAT SANCTUARIES ARE 
  CURATIVE PLACES 
  hx> one of the MOST ATTRACTIVE and
      ANCIENT SITES in ATHENS is on the 
  SLOPES of the ACROPOLIS known as 
  THE ASCLEPIEION or SANCTUARY OF THE GOD
  ASCLEPIOUS AND HIS DAUGHTER HYGIEIA
  WHO PERSONIFY "HEALTH" 
  LOCATED ABOVE AND TO THE WEST or LEFT OF THE
  THEATER OF DIONYSUS AND ALONG THE
  PERIPATOS or ANCIENT ROAD CLIMBING
  TOWARD THE ENTRANCE TO THE SUMMIT OF THE
  ACROPOLIS ROCK             see> DIONYSUS
  THE ASCLEPIEION IS A SMALL TEMPLE
  A COMPONENT OF A COMPLEX INCLUDING
  AN ALTAR AND TWO HALLS
  ONE IS A DORIC or IONIC STOA or ABATON
  SERVED AS A GUEST HOUSE mainly for PRIESTS
  the other is a TWO STORY BUILDING
  ERECTED IN 300 BC WITH A FACADE OF
  17 DORIC COLUMNS DEDICATED TO
  PILGRIMS WHERE TO INCUBATE or SLEEP
  IN HOPES OF DREAMING CURES
  in 418 BC THE TEMPLE WAS DEDICATED BY
     TELEMAKHOS OF AKHARNAI [#] 
  IT WAS THEN NEAR A SACRED SPRING
  A SITE DEDICATED TO A WATER GOD or
  to PURIFICATION THAT BECAME THE
  SACRED BOTHROS WHERE THE
  SICK WERE WASHED AND WHO
  AFTER OFFERING A SACRIFICE
  RETIRED TO SLEEP or INCUBATION IN
  THE STOA or ABATON
  note that in the 5C A CHURCH WAS ERECTED 
       ON THE SITE BUT FAILED TO ERASE THE 
  DEEP ATTACHMENTS TO THE SYMBOLISM OF 
  AESCULAPIAN MEDICINE PERSISTING TO THIS DAY 
  hx> COCKS WERE SACRIFICED TO AESCULAPIUS
      PARTICULARLY BY INVALIDS and the DISABLED
  lit+ Plato [#] in KREON states that
       before taking poison Socrates [#] said to
  his disciples
  "... WE OWE A COCK TO AESCULAPIUS ... " 
  note to this day many raise toasts with
       "TO YOUR HEALTH ... "  
  hx> note the LINK of COCK with MALE POTENCY
  biol> bot ASCLEPIAS ASCLEPIADACEAE
        ASCLEPIODORA are MEDICINAL PLANTS
  note rept ERYTHROLAMPRUS AESCULAPII
  cont> see> ~& AESCLAPIUS under addenda
  hx> THE AESCULAPIAN STAFF DENOTES
      THE IDEA OF KNOWLEDGE THRIVING ON
  EXCHANGING MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE BY
  WANDERING as per "HOSPITAL STAFF ROUNDS"
  med> note that until recent times
       the " STAFF " OF A MODERN HOSPITAL
  WANDERED THE WARDS TO ENGAGE
  TO REVEAL AND DISCUSS THERAPIES in contrast to
  LONE ROUNDS BY "PRIVATE" PHYSICIANS
  ROBBING OR "DEPRIVING" OTHERS FROM OPPORTUNITIES
  TO LEARN and to QUESTION THERAPIES
  art> AESCULAPIOS is often shown as an
       OLDER BEARDED KIND MAN RESTING ON A STAFF
  ENTWINED WITH ONE AND NOT TWO SERPENTS
  IN CONTRAST TO THE ELABORATE CADUCES OF 
  MERCENARY MERCURY THE DEITY OF THIEVES 
  THE SINGLE SERPENT SEEKS TO REACH UPWARD
  TO DRINK FROM THE CUP OF POTIONS  sug> POTABLE
  often AESCULAPIUS IS SHOWN WITH A
  BOY BY HIS SIDE AS THE SYMBOL OF
  GENIUS or RECOVERY
  med> THE MAJOR AESCULAPIAN MEDICAL SCHOOLS
       AROSE IN COS or KOS and 
  CNIDUS or KNIDUS 
  med> MEDICINE DESCENDS FROM ESCULAPIUS AND
       HIS STUDENTS BECAME KNOWN AS
  ASCELPIADAE or PHYSICIANS
  sp  MEDICO = PHYSICIAN
  ukr LIKAR    same or HEALER
      LICHYTY  TO HEAL and to COUNT
  rus WRATCH   PHYSICIAN but note
  ukr WRATY    TO LIE
  sp  GALENO   PHYSICIAN
  hx> med> MUCH OF WHAT IS KNOWN TODAY ABOUT
           AESCULAPIAN DOCTRINES ORIGINATES FROM 
  WORKS BY GALEN [#] 
  start is see> HIPPOCRATES 
  related emblem is see> MINERVA 
  cont> see> CADUCEUS and see> MEDICINE 
  
  20151217 ww