~ ASTRINGE    or
~ ASTRINGENT  lat AD and STRINGERE = TO DRAW  or
              TO BIND   sug> STRING
  the term derives from see> STRAIN
  sc> A SUBSTANCE THAT SHRINKS or
      CONTRACTS TISSUES  sug>  THIN
  hx> ALUM WAS USED BY BARBERS TO "SHRINK" SKIN PORES
      AND TO STOP SKIN BLEEDING
  med>  TANNIC ACID is an old and well known ASTRINGENT
        RADIATION CAN INDUCE A TAN SKIN
  biol> TANNIN is extracted from the BARK OF OAKS
  hx>   TAWNEY was a RACIST EPITET for "BROWN PEOPLE"
  see>  OAK TAN
  ply> | AN ASTRIGENT PERSON may be one who is
         HARSH  STERN  STRINGENT

~ OAK   biol> A FAMILY OF PLANTS  see> TANNIC
        med>  THE BARK OF OAK TRESS IS A GOOD
              SOURCE OF TANNIN or
        TANNIC ACID which has         see> TAN
        see>  ASTRINGENT PROPERTIES related to
        see>  CONSTRAIN  STRAIN
        IT DOES CONSTRICT TISSUES
~ OATH  id+   FORMAL CALLING UPON GOD or GODS
              TO WITNESS THE TRUTH
  implies DECLARATION  PROMISE  VOW
  PLEDGE  ASSURANCE  AGREEMENT      see> WORD
  old Norse EIK      = OAK
            EITHR      OATH
  ger       EICHE      OAK
            EID        OATH
  gr        OIDOS      OATH
  lat       AESCULUS   OAK
            QUERCUS    same
  myth>     OAK        SYMBOL OF ZEUS or
                       JUPITER and also of
  ukr       PERUN      THUNDER and also
                       top SLAVIC deity who like ZEUS
                       is linked with THUNDER
            DUB        OAK
  gr        DRYS       OAK leading to
  see>      DRYADS     WOOD NYMPHS
  myth> GODS WITNESSED AND SEALED OATH TAKING
        OATH TAKEN ON THE SHORES OF THE RIVER STYX
  IF BROKEN GAVE CAUSE FOR BANISHMENT BEYOND
  THE SHORES OF THE STYX or HADES or
  what Christians call HELL
  JOVE was known as "THE OATH KEEPER"
  JUPITER was known as FIDIUS for similar reasons
  see> FAITH FIDELITY FRIEND
  note some experts postulate other links
  {Ed disagrees} that OATH may derive from
  lat       ITUS  = GOING
  sp        IR      TO GO

~ TAN      implies BRIGHT BROWN
~ TANNER   or          see> OAK
~ TANNIC   or          sug> TANNER
~ TANNIN   or          sug> TANNING
           TANNIC ACID is mostly extracted from
  OAK BARK   the name being from
  old ger TANNA = ONE OF MANY KINDS OF OAKS
  hx> TANNIN is mostly used for
      TANNING of HIDES as the result of its
  see> ASTRIGENT property or ability to
       SHRINK or CONSTRICT TISSUES
  see> STRAIN STRING
  med> A TAN is a BROWN SKIN COLOR
       INDUCED BY SUN RADIATION or other
  forms of RADIATION            see> RAD
  hx> TAWNY or BROWN PEOPLE or "NOT WHITE"
  see> RACE see> ANGLO