(details from "Portrait of a Man") (see related A | B), 1507 Hans Schauffelein (1480-1538) National Gallery of Art , Washington, DC, USA

Relatively thin upper lip mucosa or vermilion and above its "Cupids" bow a rather deep and wide "philtrum", a site where the ancients smeared with "per-fume" or perfumes to "filter" out the odor or odors pervasive along ancient streets (sewage often flowed in open street gutters). A flat bow and/or philtrum may be a signal of prenatal mal-development - and, if so, may indicate alcohol as a cause (etiology). However, the presence of philtrum strongly argues that this person was not prenatally exposed to alcohol.